Magazine  (1896)  Page(s) 24-25.  
 
My aspirations in hybridising trials witn roses are to attain fully hardy garden roses for the North...Therefore I selected only absolutely hardy species like: Rugosa, pimpinellifolia, Alpina, blanda, etc. whereby the parents must always be double or at least semi-double on one side....Last summer for the first time bloomed such a (male) Rugosa x pimpinellifolia fl. pl. plant. The plant is totally hardy, very similar to pimpinellifolia in its general habit, foliage, bloom and fruit are however in double size, colour and fragrance intense rugosa-like, size and filling insufficient, form bd with a monstrous bulge in the center. Even if this is a failed pupil, we suspect that good, hardy roses can be bered in this way.....R. Schneider, Moscow, Institute of Agriculture, January 1896