Book (1920) Page(s) 322.
Multiflora Simplex (Species) from Japan, 1781.- Pure white cluster, with golden stamens.- Very vigorous pillar.- Pillar, pergola, hedge.- Summer.- (Prune none.)
Book (1917) Page(s) 9.
The true Rambler Rose (R. multiflora) is a native of Japan and has single white flowers in large panicles. This was sent to Lyons, France, from Japan in 1862, by Monsieur Coignet, an engineer.
Website/Catalog (1914) Page(s) 5.
Rosa multiflora (Thunberg 1781). Floriferous bloom in June, bramble-like single bloom; needs much space, hardy.
Magazine (Nov 1912) Page(s) 438.
Siebold et Zuccarini ne se sont, pas aperçus que le type de Rose qu’ils avaient baptisé Rosa polyantha avait déjà été nommé par Thunberg Rosa multiflora. Peut-être que ces deux auteurs n’avaient pas sous les yeux la description de Thunberg- quand ils ont nommé leur Rosa polyantha; peut-être aussi avaient-ils en vue quelque forme distincte de celle de Thunberg. Les deux suppositions sont possibles. Mais, ce qu’il y a de certain, c’est que les Rosiers multiflores japonais introduits dans les jardins de nos pays restèrent plus de cinquante ans dans les cultures sans trop faire parler d’eux, au moins considérés au point de vue de l’hybridation. Et lés rosiéristes savent si on en a hybridé des Rosiers, entre 1820 et 1870.
Or, il arriva ceci : après 1870, on introduisit, à Lyon, un Rosier sauvage au Japon, qui ne fut pas plutôt planté dans les jardins des rosiéristes lyonnais, et dans le voisinage de leurs collections, qu’il se mit à produire des variétés naines très remontantes, qui furent classées dans une série particulière sous le nom de Rosa polyantha. Cette série est aujourd'hui très nombreuse en variétés, car un grand nombre de rosiéristes l’ont en richie de leurs gains.
Ceci est un fait.
Il y a lieu de remarquer, qu’en même temps que le Rosa polyantha (qui ne remontait pas) produisait des variétés naines remontantes, il en donnait aussi d’autres de grande taille, analogues aux multiflores anciens qui ne remontaient pas non plus. Il est probable que cette,particularité tenait aux variétés appartenant à des séries différentes qui avaient hybridé les porte-graines. Par la suite, quand on sema les variétés nouvelles, et même en les hybridant à nouveau, il y eut des retours au type maternel assez nombreux. En voici un exemple : j’ai, après castration, soigneusement faite, des étamines du Polyantha Perle d'or (Dubreuil), fécondé la fleur châtrée par le pollen du Bengale ordinaire. J’ai obtenu quelques graines de ce croisement de deux variétés très remontantes. Savez-vous ce qu’elles ont produit ? Deux Rosiers sarmenteux à fleurs blanches, simples, hauts de 4 mètres et non remontants. ...Viviand-Morel.
Magazine (5 Aug 1911) Page(s) 374.
The Parentage of Roses.
The following list of the world's Roses and their parentage has been compiled by Mr. Robert Daniel, 38 Russell Road. Fishponds, Bristol, and by his kind permission we are enabled to publish it...
Rosa multiflora thunbergiana... Hybrid Species, R. multiflora X R. lævigata
Book (19 Oct 1910) Page(s) Vol. 1, Part II, 23-25. Includes photo(s).
6 — ROSA MULTIFLORA Thunb.
Rosa multiflora : caulibus elongatis, sarmentosis, ramulis viridibus ; aculeis parvis, sparsis, conformibus, falcatis; foliolis 7-9, oblongis, acutis, simpliciter serratis, facie viridibus, glabris, dorso plus minusve pubescentibus ; rhachi pubescente, aciculis paucis falcatis praedita ; stipulis profunde laceratis, apice libero lanceolato; floribus multis, parvis, dense paniculatis ; bracteis lanceolatis, laceratis ; pedicellis plerumque setosis ; calycis tubo oblongo, nudo ; lobis ovatis, pinnatifidis, dorsoparce glanduliferis; petalis parvis, orbicularibus, albis vel rubellis; carpellis 20-25 ;
stylis pilosis, coalitis, protrusis ; fructu minimo, subgloboso, nudo ; sepalis caducis.
R. multiflora Thunberg, FI. Jap. p. 214 (1784). — Lindley, Ros. Monogr. p. 119, No. 66 (1820). — Seringe in De Candolle, Prodr. vol. ii. p. 598 (1825). — Miquel, Prol. FI. Jap. p. 227 (1866-67). — Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. xiii. p. 250 (Primit. Monogr. Ros. fasc. iii. p. 257) (1874); vol. xviii. pp. 277-285 [Primit. Monogr. Ros. fasc. v. pp. 523-531 [1880]) (1879). — Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. vol. i. p. 134 O874) ; vol. ii. p. 343 (1876). — Franchet in Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherb. vol. xxiv. p. 216 (1882). — Forbes & Hemsley in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii. p. 253(1887). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. vol. cxvi. t. 7119 (1890). — Sargent in Garden and Forest, vol. iii. p. 405, fig. 51 (1890). — Koehne, Deutsche Dendrol. p. 277 (1893). — Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. vol. iv. p. 1549 (1902). — C. K. Schneider, III. Handbuch Laubholzk. vol. i. p. 540 (1906).
R. polyanthos Roessig, Die Rosen, No. 35 (1802-1820).
R. japonica Roessig, Die Rosen, No. 51 (1802-1820).
R. multiflora , β Thunbergiana Thory in Redouté, Roses, vol. ii. p. 70 (1821).
R. Thunbergii Trattinnick, Ros. Monogr. vol. i. p. 86 (1823).
R. polyantha Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Acad. Muench. vol. iv. p. 128 (1846).
R. intermedia Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1868, p. 270, figs. 29, 30. — Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. viii. p. 344 [Primit. Monogr. Ros. fasc. i. p. 123) (1869).
R. Wichuriae K. Koch, Wochenschr. vol. xii. p. 202 (1869).
R. thyrsiflora Leroy ex Deseglise in Bull. Soc. Bot . Belg. vol. xv. p. 204 [Cat. Rais. Ros. p. 35 [1877]) (1876).
Stem long, sarmentose, reaching sometimes a length of 20-25 feet ; young branches bright green ; prickles small, scattered, uniform, hooked. Leaflets 7-9, oblong, acute, simply serrated, middle-sized, green and glabrous above, more or less pubescent beneath ; petioles pubescent, with a few falcate aciculi, without glands ; stipules deeply laciniated, with lanceolate gland-ciliated free tips. Flowers forming a dense panicle, sometimes half a foot long ; bracts small, lanceolate, laciniated ; pedicels usually setose, rarely naked. Calyx-tube oblong, naked ; lobes ovate, pinnate, usually more or less glandular on the back. Petals orbicular, white in the type, about ¼ in. long and broad. Carpels 20-25 ; styles pilose, united in a column protruded beyond the disc. Fruit small, subglobose, naked ; sepals deciduous.
This species was first described by Plukenet1 in the year 1700, as “ Rosa sylvestris cheusanica, foliis subtus incanis, floribus purpureis parvis.” Linnaeus had it in his herbarium, but confused it with Rosa indica. Siebold & Zuccarini in their Flora of Japan enumerated this Rose under the name of Rosa polyantha , not knowing that it had already been described by Thunberg, a pupil of Linnaeus, under the name of Rosa multiflora. Following the fixed rule of priority, the earlier name must be retained, although the two adjectives both mean one and the same thing and refer to the many blossoms which the Rose bears, Thunberg describing in Latin what Siebold describes in Greek.
According to Sir J. D. Hooker, the type, which is the white single-flowered plant, was not seen in England until about 1875. He described it in 1890, and his article is accompanied by a drawing made from the plant growing in Mr. Girdlestone’s garden at Sunningdale. Thory2 mentions Rosa multiflora flore simplici in 1821, and gives it on the authority of Noisette, who informed him that he had seen it growing in the Physic Garden at Chelsea and that William Anderson, the curator, had given him a plant which he had brought back to France, had propagated, and was offering for sale in his nursery. The type seems to have been known in France certainly since about 1862, when M. Henon, mayor of Lyons, received from his son-in-law M. Coignet, an engineer in the Japanese service, seeds collected from
plants growing wild in Japan. These seeds, distributed among the Lyons rose-growers by M. Jean Sisley under the name of Rosa polyantha Sieb. & Zucc., proved to be the type, with small, single, white flowers. This, crossed with double Roses belonging to different groups, produced a large number of new varieties, some vigorous and tall-growing, others, on the contrary, dwarf and compact, such as Rose Mignonette , Rose Paquerette, etc. These diminutive Roses are classed by nurserymen as Rosa polyantha. They are charming, flower continuously, and should be given a place in every garden. Other hybrids of Rosa multiflora much resembled the type, but were discarded because they were not perpetual-flowering. Alex Bernaix, a rose-grower of Lyons, raised a hybrid between Rosa multiflora and Rose Noisette which much resembles Rosa moschata Miller. It is known as Rosa polyantha grandiflora and is extremely vigorous, producing countless clusters of pure white single flowers borne upon long trailing shoots.
The form with double pink flowers, which was figured by Redoute,3 was first introduced into this country in 1804 by Mr. Thomas Evans of the East India House. It flowered for the first time with Mr. Colville of Chelsea, but died three or four years later. A plant was sent from London to M. Boursault in Paris in 1808, and four years later it was in flower in M. Cartier’s garden. The other Rosa multiflora figured by Redouté is var. platyphylla, the Seven Sisters Rose,4 which was introduced into France by Noisette in 1817 and flowered there in 1819.
1 Amalth. p. 185 (1700).
2 In Redoute, Roses , vol. ii. p. 69 (1821).
3 Var. carnea : Roses , vol. ii. p. 67 (1821).
4 Roses, vol. ii. p. 69 (1821).
Book (19 Oct 1910) Page(s) Vol. 1, Part II, p. 25-26.
Rosa Multiflora (Cont'd)
Of the numerous varieties of Rosa multiflora , Franchet & Savatier give names to six, exclusive of Rosa Luciae Franch. & Rochebr. and Rosa Wichuraiana Crep. Several forms grown by the Japanese are figured in the Phonzo Zoufou (part 27); plates 8 and 28 of Braam’s lcones2 represent another form, and there are others in the Kew collection of drawings. The species is widely spread in China and Japan, and extends to the Philippine Islands and to eastern Thibet. It may readily be recognized by its many small flowers, small fruits, and laciniated or pectinate stipules. It may be distinguished even when not in flower by this last character, which it keeps in all the varieties.
The character of the long loose panicle is apt, however, to be lost, as in the old variety, the Seven Sisters ( Rosa platyphylla Thory), and still more in the Crimson Rambler , in which the panicle is so closely packed that at a short distance it looks like a huge double Rose.
The single-flowered white Rose which Carrière3 described in 1868 in an article entitled “ Rosa dubia ” is no other than the type Rosa multiflora . There can be no doubt about it because of the drawing which illustrates his description. Although he heads his article “ Rosa dubia,” he does not again use that name, nor even refer to it. “ Le qualificatif intermedia que nous lui avons donne est tres exact,” is his only other reference to a name. He says that the Rose had been raised by Andre Leroy of Angers from seeds sent him from China. Déséglise, who, however, wrote without having seen the living plant, unhesitatingly referred it to Rosa thyrsiflora Leroy ; he says the seeds came from Japan and not from China, and severely criticizes Carriere’s description, which passes over the principal characters and exaggerates the superficial attributes of the Rose for the purpose of attracting the attention of his readers to its nature as a “plante d’ornement.” In 1876 Carriere, writing again in the Revue Horticole4 acknowledges his mistake and refers his Rosa intermedia to Rosa polyantha Sieb. & Zucc., saying that it was the Secretary of the French Horticultural Society, M. Lavallee, who brought to his notice the existence of Siebold & Zuccarini’s Rose.
There are few Roses more desirable for a wild garden than the type of Rosa multiflora , where it can be given sufficient space to develop. It is perfectly hardy and grows very rapidly, and when in full flower is a strikingly beautiful object. The flowers are borne in a long, loose panicle chiefly at the ends of the branches, and in such abundance
that there are often more than two hundred blossoms on a panicle ; they have a faint, delicate scent. The plant is easily propagated either by cuttings or by seeds : it does not, however, increase much from the roots. Seeds sown in spring germinate in about a month. The type is frequently used as a stock on which to bud and graft other Roses.
The plates in the Botanical Magazine5 and the Botanical Register6 represent garden forms. Rosa florida of Poiret,7 for which the plate in the Botanical Magazine is quoted, is also one of the garden forms.
Rosa multiflora is figured by Andrews.8
2 lcones plantarum sponte China nascentium , e bibliotheca Braarniana excerptae. (There are two copies of this collection in the Kew Library, both with unnumbered plates, differently arranged. One has a printed title-page, dated 1821, and a short Latin preface in which Rosa microcarpa and Rosa involucrata are mentioned. The other has a lithographed title-page, dated 1818, and an “advertisement” signed W. Cattley.)
3 Revue Horticole , p. 269.
4 Page 253.
5 Vol. xxvi. t. 1059 0807).
6 Vol. v. t. 425 (1819).
7 Lamarck, Encycl. Suppl. vol. iv. p. 715 (1S16).
8 Roses, vol. ii. t. 83 (1828).
Book (1910) Page(s) 35.
Rosa multiflora Thunb. No-ibara.
Book (1910) Page(s) 259.
Rosa multiflora It was introduced into England in 1804. These are also climbing Roses, producing their flowers in large corymbs, and consequently continuing a long time in bloom... The foliage of this group is particularly elegant, and the branches have but few spines.
Website/Catalog (1909) Page(s) 28.
9. Rosa multiflora, (see seeds section).
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