(2009)  Page(s) 28.  
 
Diploid....Ducher, heterozygous loci 57% [Provenance: Antique Rose Emporium]

(2009)  
 
In the China Rose group, known or suspected Hybrid Chinas become more apparent withboth the nuclear and chloroplast data plotted together. Th nuclear SSR data by itself revealed those China cultivars that had SSR profiles more closely matching the Teas...
'Jean Bach Sisley', 'Ducher', and 'Miss Lowe's Variety'...are three China/Hybrid China Roses that grouped in the Tea Type group based on SSR profiles, and they also share a haplotype with the R. odorata var. gigantea accession from China...rather than the haplotype of the majority of the China Roses. Of these 'Jean Bach Sisley' was already listed as a Hybrid China in Modern Roses XI... and 'Ducher' is listed as a China, but can be found described in the trade as an older Tea Rose type. In these two cases the data from this study support their hybrid status.

(2009)  Page(s) 37.  
 
Another group of suspected synonyms and sports that the result of this study support is a red, semi-double flowered group based on the China Rose cultivar Fabvier (syn. 'Colonel Fabvier'). 'Fabvier' [ex Vintage Gardens], 'Martha Gonzales', and 'Old Gay Hill Red China' [both ex Antique Rose Emporium] (C40, C10, and C16) all had identical SSR profiles. Based on catalogue descriptions of the plants in commerce...the results suggest that the found rose 'Martha Gonzales' is actually 'Fabvier', and that 'Old Gay Hill Red China', also a found rose, is a taller growth form sport of 'Fabvier'.

(2009)  Page(s) 29.  
 
Triploid...Fabvier [Provenance: Vintage Gardens]

(2009)  Page(s) 29.  
 
Triploid...Fellenberg [Provenance: Antique Rose Emporium]

(2009)  Page(s) 29.  
 
Triploid...Ferndale Red China [Provenance: Vintage Gardens]

(2009)  Page(s) 28.  
 
Diploid....Fortune's Double Yellow, heterozygous loci 65% [Provenance: Antique Rose Emporium]

(2009)  Page(s) 54-55.  
 
Fortune's Double Yellow (FDY) was also included in the chloroplast spacer sequence of this study, since it is usually considered a Miscellaneous Old garden Rose of uncertain ancestry (Cairns (ed.), 2000) that, like theChina and Tea Roses, was bred in China before being introduced to Europe...It has been speculated that this cultivar is a Tea Rose or has R. odorata var. gigantea influence (Dickerson, 2007). The location of FDY is not within the main group of Chinas, Teas, or other hybrids, but it has similarity coefficients ranging from 0.30-0.48 with the Teas and OG3 [R. odorata var. gigantea], so it does appear to have a close relationship with the Tea Type Roses. The chloroplast haplotype of FDY is another that is unique in this study based on its cpSSR number of 16, so no direct maternal connections can be presumed, though the main haplotypes matches that of the R. brunonii, R. multiflora var. cathayensis, and two R. odorata var. gigantea (OG1 & OG2) from this study. The SSR-based similarity levels of FDY with Br or MC1 are low though (0.17 and 0.22) and do not indicate a close relationship. The similarity between FDY and OG1 and OG2 are higher at 0.32 and 0.31, but this could simply reflect the fact that they may all be hybrids with another species in Section Synstylae if OG1 and OG2 are not true R. odorata var. gigantea specimens.

(2009)  Page(s) 29.  
 
Tetraploid...Great Western [Provenance: Antique Rose Emporium]

(2009)  Page(s) 35.  
 
Perhaps the most easily noted detail revealed about the China Roses by the similarity matrix though, was how many accessions had identical SSR profiles. The "C25 grp" on the dendrogram represents the China Rose cultivar Old Blush, with the group's oldest recorded date of introduction into Europe of around 1752 (Cairns (ed.), 2000), and the eight synonyms or sports found in this study: 'Climbing Old Blush', 'Green Rose', 'Single Pink', 'Rouletii' [all ex Antique Rose Emporium], 'Pompon de Paris' [ex Ralph Moore], 'Bengale d'Automne' [ex Vintage Gardens], 'Archduke Charles' [ex ARE], and an R. chinensis var. semperflorens [ex Flower Research Inst., Yunnan]. This large group of synonyms and sports still actively propagated and sold in the trade demonstrates how important 'Old Blush' continues to be, long after being used as a parent of importance in the breeding of modern roses.
.....the 'Green Rose' or 'Viridiflora' had been speculated to be another sport, and was also found to be genetically identical in several previous studies (Martin, et al., 2001; Scariot, et al., 2006).