(1919)  Page(s) 430.  
 
R. HUMILIS, Marshall. PASTURE ROSE.
A bush rarely more than 2 ft. high, the stems slender, sometimes straggling, and armed with a pair of spines at the leaf-bases, and with more or less numerous scattered bristles. Leaflets five to nine, thin, ovate or narrowly oval, ¾ to 1½ ins. long, toothed except near the base, glossy green, usually smooth, sometimes downy beneath. Flowers 2 to 2¾ ins. wide, pink, produced often singly, sometimes a few in a cluster; flower-stalk and calyx more or less glandular-hairy. Fruit globose, 1/3 in. wide, red, with the sepals fallen away when ripe.
Native of Eastern N. America, especially in the mountains of the south-eastern States, where in many districts it is very abundant. According to Prof. Sargent, it is found growing in the shade of the forest often in rich soil. It is allied to virginiana, but is far from being so sturdy and satisfactory a plant under cultivation, besides being much dwarfer and its foliage more sparse. It is sometimes confused with R. nitida, which it resembles in dwarfness of habit, but its stems are never so copiously furnished with bristly prickles nor are its leaves so shiny.
Var. TRILOBA has three-lobed petals (Garden and Forest, 1889, fig. 93).
 

(1919)  Page(s) 430.  
 
R. humilis Marshall....Var. TRILOBA has three-lobed petals (Garden and Forest, 1889, fig. 93).

(1919)  Page(s) 437.  
 
R. NITIDA. Willdenow.
A low bush, rarely more than 2 ft. high, with erect, often reddish stems, densely furnished with prickly bristles. Leaves 2 to 3 ins. long, very shining green, becoming purplish red in autumn ; stipules with glandular-toothed margins; leaflets five to nine, narrow oblong, tapering at both ends; from ½ in. to 1¼ ins. long, one-quarter to one-third as wide ; finely and sharply toothed, smooth all over, and of firm texture. Flowers bright rosy red, 2 to 2½ ins. across, usually solitary, occasionally two to three together ; flower-stalks and sepals bristly or glandular, the latter entire, lanceolate, and reflexed. Fruit globose, 1/3 in. wide, scarlet, bristly, with the sepals fallen away.
Native of Eastern N. America ; introduced in 1807. A charming little rose, very distinct among dwarf kinds by its shining, narrow leaflets, its very prickly stems, and highly coloured flowers. The leaves often turn bright red in autumn.
 

(1919)  Page(s) 438.  
 
R. NUTKANA, Presl. NOOTKA ROSE.
A robust shrub, 6 to 10 ft. high, spines stout, hooked or straight, sometimes ½ in. or more long on the young barren stems, often absent from the flowering shoots. Leaves 3 to 5 ins. long, stipules edged with glands ; leaflets five to nine, broadly oval to ovate, ¾ to 2 ins. long, simply or doubly toothed, downy beneath (sometimes smooth). Flowers solitary, or in twos or threes, bright red, 2 to 2½ ins. across ; calyx-tube and flower-stalk smooth ; sepals 1 to 1½ ins. long, narrow, with an expanded leaf-like apex, glandular and more or less downy. Fruit globose or orange-shaped, bright red, ½ to 5/8 in. wide, crowned with the long, erect sepals.
Native of Western N. America, common along the Pacific coast ; discovered by Archibald Menzies on Vancouver Island in 1793. It is a handsome wild rose, perhaps the handsomest of W. American species, and flowers and fruits well in this country.

(1919)  Page(s) 438-439.  
 
R. PISOCARPA, A. Gray.
(Bot. Mag., t. 6857.)
A small shrub, usually not more than 3 to 4 ft. high, of rather straggling habit ; branches slender, unarmed, or with a few small prickles, either straight or pointing upwards. Leaves 2 to 3 ins. long, with five or seven leaflets, which are ½ to 1 in. long, oval or ovate, simply toothed, and, like the common stalk, downy beneath. Flowers 1 in. or rather more across, with rounded, overlapping, bright rosy petals ; they occur in clusters of as many as four or five, but are sometimes solitary ; stalk smooth ; sepals ½ in. or more long with expanded tips, very downy within. Fruit about the size of a pea, globose, bright red, surmounted by the erect sepals.
Native of Western N. America. An interesting and brightly coloured rose, distinct in the tiny fruits.

(1919)  Page(s) 443.  
 
R. SETIGERA, Michaux. PRAIRIE ROSE.
(R. rubifolia, R. Brown.)
A rambling shrub making slender stems several yards long in a season, armed with short, hooked prickles, not downy. Leaves trifoliolate, with a downy, glandular stalk and narrow stipules edged with glands. Leaflets among the largest in the genus, up to 3 ins. long by over 2 ins. wide ; ovate, coarsely toothed, deep green and smooth above, pale and downy beneath. Flowers 2 to 2½ ins. across, deep, rose, numerous in corymbs ; the stalk glandular. Sepals ovate, pointed, ½ in. long, very downy. Fruit globose, about ½ in. diameter, with the sepals fallen away.
Native of E. and Central North America, from Ontario to Florida, and west to Kansas and Texas. Introduced in 1800. This is the most distinct and, in its flowers, perhaps the most beautiful of N. American roses. It is the only one from that region belonging to the group whose styles are united in a column (Synstylæ) ; the only one with normally three leaflets, and the only climbing species. It is an attractive plant, producing its large, rich rosy blossoms in clusters 6 ins. or more across, but they have little or no fragrance. Flowering in July and August when few wild roses or shrubs of any kind are in flower, its value is increased. It may be trained up rough branches of oak, then left to form a tangle. Several garden varieties have been raised from it.
 

(1919)  Page(s) 447.  
 
Rosa virginiana Miller...Var. ALBA has white flowers, and differs also from the type in the more numerous flowers and more glandular flower-stalks and calyx ; leaflets paler green, with leaflets and midribs downy. Said to have been discovered in the United States about 1868, but believed by Prof. Sargent to be an escape from cultivation and a hybrid of garden origin.

(1919)  Page(s) 447.  
 
Rosa virginiana Miller...Var. GRANDIFLORA. A very pretty variety, the petals being 1¼ ins. long and wide, and of a deep rose ; the sepals even longer, with expanded leafy tips.

(1919)  Page(s) 446.  
 
R. VIRGINIANA, Miller.
(R. lucida, Ehrhart.)
A shrub 3 to 6 ft. high, forming a dense mass of erect stems, armed usually at the base of the leaves with straight or slightly hooked spines, and with scattered bristly prickles on the young sucker stems. Leaves glossy green above, 3 to 5 ins. long, composed of usually seven, sometimes nine leaflets, which are ovate or narrowly oval, 1 to 2 ins. long ; rather coarsely toothed except towards the base ; quite smooth above, often the same below, but occasionally downy on the midrib as well as on the common stalk. Flowers in clusters of often three, sometimes solitary ; each 2 to 2½ ins. across, pink ; stalk and calyx-tube smooth or glandular ; sepals 1 in. long, with long, slender points, glandular and downy. Fruit orange-shaped, ½ in. wide, red, crowned at first with spreading sepals which fall away when the fruit is ripe.
Native of Eastern N. America, and probably the first of American roses introduced to Britain. It is a useful plant for forming thickets in the wild garden, and its glossy green leaves are always pleasing. In habit it resembles R. Carolina, but is easily distinguished by its glossy leaves and bristly stems. It is more nearly allied to R. humilis, but is a more robust shrub with more glossy leaves. Many of the flowering portions of R. virginiana are quite unarmed.

(1919)  Page(s) 447.  
 
Rosa virginiana Miller...Var. FLORE PLENO. The plant grown under this name may be a hybrid between virginiana and some other rose. The flowers are double and very pretty in the bud state, and the plant differs from the type in the frequently double-toothing of its leaflets and its pinnately lobed sepals.