(1820)  Page(s) 131.  
 
Rosa Banksiae
R. Banksiae Brown in Ait. kew. ed. alt. 3. 258. ....
Hab. in China, Ker.
This is the most elegant of the genus, growing with great luxuriance in the open air, and producing its charming blossoms in the utmost profusion. Mr. Brown first noticed it in the last edition of the Hortus Kewensis and honored it with the name of Lady Banks. An excellent figure of it is published in the botanical Register.
R. inermis of Roxburgh's unpublished Flora Indica is probably this species; and if so, a variety of it called Wong-mouc-heuong, with double yellow flowers, is cultivated in the Botanic Garden, Calcutta.

(1820)  Page(s) 1-2.  
 
Rosa berberifolia
syn. R. simplicifolia Salisb., R. berberifolia Pall.
Two or three feet high, (a foot high, Olivier) very caesious. Branches slender, pubscent, covered with setae, which disappear on the branchlets; prickles slend, falcate, with a remarkably elongated base, slightly downy, sometimes compound; placed below the leaves, where are sessile, erect, simple, narrow, obovate, simply toothed toward the end, densely pubescent, unarmed, almost veinless; stipule, none; flowers solitary, without bracteae, cupshaped (sweet scented, Oliver); tube of the calyx downy, nearly round, and covered with needle-shaped, pale, unequal prickles, extending up the sepals, which are densely downy and entire; petals deep yellow with a dark crimson spot at their base; stamens few; styple villous; (Fruit crowned with the sepals, pale green depressedly globose, armed with numerous unequal prickles: pericarpa 25, oblong, blackish. Pall.)...
Its whole appearance is remarkably unlike the rest of the genus. Indeed, the absence of stipulae...has ben conjectured by M. de Jusseau would almost induce us to look for a generic difference...No other Rose has compound aculei...Certain districts in the North of Persia and the desert of Songari ...are the only stations recorded as producing the present lovely plant. It was found by Olivier covering the plans near Amadan, and in many other places in the same neighbourhood. If we may judge from the fine figure of M. Redouté, French gardeners much have the art of managing it much more successfully than our own. Possibly the soil in which is grows wild being salt my afford a hint to those who may again have an opportunity of cultivating it. It lowers in the spring.

(1820)  Page(s) 25-26.  
 
Rosa blanda.

R. elatior, armis deciduis, foliolis oblongis planis: petiolo piloso.
R. blanda β Solander MSS!
R. blanda Ait ! kew. 2. 202. Willd. sp. 2. 1065. Smith ! in Rees in l.
Hab. in Americae septentrionalis ora occidentali, Menzies. sinu Hudsonis, herb. Banks (v. s. sp. herb. Banks & Smith.)

Branches armed with scattered, pale unequal, deciuous, straight prickles and setae. Leaves dull; stipules large, elliptical, rounded at the end and fringed with glands; stalks unarmed, downy; leaflets 5-7, lanceolate, or more usually oblong, simply serrated, naked above, downy at the rib beneath. Flowers large, red, solitary; peduncle and calyx unarmed; tube roundish; sepals ovate, pointed, entire.
Although this has been long cultivated, living plants have never fallen in my way. The specimens from which my description has been drawn up, exist in the Banksian herbarium. From original documents in that invaluable collection, it appears that when the first edition of Hortus Kewensis, in which this was established, was published, Dr. Solander's manuscripts was consulted, who had two different things before him. One of these was R. fraxinifolia, which he marks as R. blanda; and the other the present species [R. blanda L.], which he considered a variety. It so happened, however, that the character given in the Hortus Kewensis was of that variety, which has therefore been universally understood as the true plant; and the original blanda, figured, I may observe, by Jacquin as such, has almost as generally been known under other names, as will be shown in the next species [R. fraxinifolia L.]. No figure has been published of the plant before us, and on that account I should certainly have given one from dried specimens, had I not thought it better to trust to its making its appearance in a fresh state, since there is little doubt of its still existing in this country. I have never seen the prickles red, as they are said to be by Sir James Smith. Possibly he described them from Miss Lawrance's figure, which looks like R. nitida. Mr. Menzies found this on the north-west coast of N. America, and specimens gathered in Hudson's Bay are in the possession of Sir Joseph Banks.

(1820)  Page(s) 120-121.  Includes photo(s).
 
ROSA Brunonii
Shrub with the appearance of R. moschata. Old branches sparingly hairy, stout, armed with scattered, short, strong, hooked prickles; younger ones downy and glandular-their prickles falcate...leaflets 5-7, lanceolate, flat, simply serrate, hairy all over, dull green above, paler beneath...Flowers in bunches....stamens and styles like those of moschata.
This highly interesting addition to the division of Roses with united styles is a native of Nepal, whence it has been sent by Dr. Wallich.....
From moschata it differs in having hairy and glandular leaves, branchlets, and calyx; the leaflets also have an entirely different outline.

(1820)  Page(s) 23-24.  Includes photo(s).
 
ROSA carolina. Tab. 4.

R. stipulis convolutis, foliolis lanceolatis, sepalis patentibus.
R. carolina Linn ! sp. 703. Willd. sp. 2. 1069. Lawr. Ros. t. 24? Ait ! kew. ed. alt. 3. 260. Pers. syn. 2.48. Pursh! am. septr. n. 8. Smith! in Rees in loc. Redout. ros. 1. 81. t. 28.
R. virginiana Du Roi harbk. 2. 353. Rössig, ros. t. 13.
R. palustris Marsh. arb. 135. Donn! cant. ed. 8. p. 169.
R. corymbosa Ehr ! beit. 4. 21. Muhl. cat. 50.
R. pennsylvanica Michaux, boreali-am. 1. 296.
R. caroliniana Big bost. 121.
R. hudsoniana Redout. ros. 1. 95. t. 35.
β. florida, foliis impubibus tenerioribus.
R. florida Donn! cant. ed. 8. 169.
R. enneaphylla Rafin. Schm. précis des découvertes? quoted in Desv. journ. 4. 268.
Hab. in palustribus Novanglia Virginiam usque (Pursh.) (v. s. sp. & v. cult.)

From 2 to 8 feet high. Branches erect, green or red brown, with twin or solitary straight prickles under the stipula; the arms of the root-shoots are more dense and soon become setae. Leaves opaque; stipulæ unusually long, narrow, inflected and folded together except at the end, which is spreading, naked unless at the edge which is toothed and sometimes fringed. Petioles downy, and armed with little prickles; leaflets 7, lanceolate, finely and simply serrate, above naked, and dark green, becoming discoloured towards the autumn, beneath downy and somewhat glaucous. Cymes one or many flowered, appearing after the summer heats are past; bracteæ lanceolate, very concave, pointed, downy at the back; peduncles hispid, as is all the calyx, of which the tube is spherical and usually coloured, the sepals entire, with a very long narrow point and cottony edge; petals concave or flat, usually longer than the sepals, and deep red, crumpled; disk not very apparent; styles villous. Fruit scarlet, round, hispid, not losing the sepals till it is quite ripe.
Shrubberies are often enlivened, where few other flowers are to be seen, by the copious crimson bloom of this very pretty plant. In its native marshes it is exceedingly variable, in height, size, shape and pubescence of leaves and number of flowers; nor is it much less disposed to sport when cultivated. Its most common state is to be about six feet high with very numerous flowers and rather short peduncles. When the latter are lengthened a little, with a corresponding increase in their number, it becomes the R. corymbosa of Ehrhart. If its size is greater and its shoots paler than usual, it is R. palustris. An increase of pubescence makes it R. pennsylvanica. Sometimes, when the plant is unusually luxuriant, the ends of the shoots have no prickles, and then it is Rosa hudsoniana. 
Variety β has a diseased appearance, and is easily distinguished by the membranous texture of its leaves and their want of pubescence.

(1820)  Page(s) 23.  
 
Rosa carolina...
β. florida, foliis impubibus tenerioribus.
R. florida Donn! cant. ed. 8. 169.
Variety β has a diseased appearance, and is easily distinguished by the membranous texture of its leaves and their want of pubescence.

(1820)  Page(s) 97.  
 
Div. Caninae
54. ROSA caucasea. Tab. 11.
R. foliolis mollibus ovatis, ovariis 50-60.
R. caucasica Pall. ross. 62. Bieb. taur. cauc. 1. 400. Aits kew. ed. alt. 3. 266. Smith in Rees in l.
Hab. in Iberia (Steven.) (v. v. c.)

This has so great a resemblance to many states of the next species [R. canina], that I almost doubt whether they really be distinct. The present plant may be usually distinguished by a very robust habit, broad and soft leaves, and flowers growing in bunches. The fruit is very large and its flesh is soft. R. canina, it is true, sometimes has the greater part of these peculiarities, but its leaves are not soft; on the contrary, their pubescence is harsh. The most certain test, however, of the species seems to be its unusually numerous ovaria, which in the central flower are not less than 50 but frequently more than 60; while canina has rarely more than 25.
Pallas must have had a very imperfect specimen before him, as he describes his plant without prickles. Bieberstein appears to have ascertained the incorrectness of this, and properly corrects him.
The serratures are always double.

(1820)  Page(s) 65-67.  
 
Rosa centifolia. Large uneven hooked prickles, glandular-ciliate leaflets, nodding blooms, sticky calyx, oblong fruit......Pohl, in his Flora Bohemica, has considered gallica and provincialis as varities of each other. I am much rather disposed to agree with Borkhausen and the French botanists, in taking the provincialis of Miller and the centifolia of Linnaeus to be the same. On this head no information is to be obtained from the Linnaean herbarium...
R. centifolia, in the first edition of Species Plantarum [of Linnaeus], appears with the character "prickly canes, hispid peduncles, semipinnate glabrous calyx", which, as far as it can belong to either the Provins or hundred-leaved Rose, is equally applicable to both. He quotes R. multiplex media Bauh. pin.482, which from the reference to R. centifolia batavica secunda of Clus.hist.1,114, also cited by Linnaeus, appears to be a sort of small Provins Rose; since Clusius expressly says it is an intermediate between his centifolia batavica alba, which is the White Provins Rose, and his centifolia batavica prima. In the second edition of Species Plantarum the character is altered to "ovoid germens, hispid peduncles, prickly hispid canes, unarmed petioles" which applies pretty well to the Provins Rose and not at all to the other. ....Miller, however, judging from the name centifolia, rather than from the specific character or references of Linnaeus, concluded too hastily that the Dutch hundred-leaved Roses were intended. But as these were evidently no varities of the Provins Rose, he proposed the latter as a new species, and without further examination, he has been followed by subsequent writers in this country.

(1820)  Page(s) 62.  
 
Rosa damascena. Uneven large hooked prickles, reflexing sepals, elongated fruit....Mill. dict. n. 15....Willd. sp.2.1072. Ait. kew.ed.alt. 3.263. Smith! in Rees in l. Redout. ros. 1.137.t.53. R. belgica Mill. dict. n. 17. ..R. calendarum Munch. hausv. ex Bork.holz. 330. Rössig. ros. tt. 8.33...R. bifera Poir.enc. 6.276. Pers. syn. 2.48. Redout. ros. 1.107. t. 38.-121. t.45....R.damascena may be distinguished from R. centifolia by the greater size of its prickles, the almost universally green colour of its wood, elongated fruit, numerous flowers, and especially by its long sepals being reflexed during the time of flowering. In the last respect it agrees with R. alba. The bloom is exceedingly fragrant. R. bifera of sime continental botanists is the Quatre saisons Rose of the French nurseries; and perhaps, from the long succession of its flowers, the most esteemed of all the varities. Immense numbers are sold weekly in the flower markets in Paris. I perceive no character to duistinguish it, even as a variety, from the more common state of damascena, unless its smaller size is sufficient.
...the most satisfactory account of it has been given by Nicholas Monardi, in his dissertation on the Roses of Persia, &c. printed in Clus.exot.p.48. He says they were called damascenae because they are believed to have been brought "ex Damasco nobilissima Syriae urbe" [from Damask an important Syrian city]; and he adds, they have only been known about thirty years; thus bringing the date of their introduction to 1575. His description of the plant is excellent, and leaves no room for doubting that he meant the present R. damascena. Latin description. [...many prickles...numerous blooms...between white and medium red...].

(1820)  Page(s) 87.  
 
ROSA rubiginosa....
R. eglanteria americana Andrews's roses c. fig.