(1820)  Page(s) 110.  
 
ROSA Lawranceana..R. semperflorens minima Sims. bot. mag. n. 1762. R. pusilla Mauritius cat. p. 15?. R. Lawranceana sweet! hort. sub. lond.....A very low, compact, little shrub, rarely exceeding a foot in height. the prickles are large, stout, and nearly straight. Leaflets ovate, acute, flat, very finely toothed. Petals small, pale-blush, pointed: germens 7-8. Otherwise with the characteristics of ROSA semperflorens, from which I nevertheless have no hesitation in separating it. The difference in mumber of germens in this division appears constant, and therefore important. Mr. Sweet introduced it from the Mauritius (Isle of France), some years ago, and it may be ROSA pusilla of the Catalogue of Botanic Garden there. China is probably its native country, as it approaches so very nearly to ROSA semperflorens.

(1820)  Page(s) 154.  
 
Rosa gallica..Officinal...

(1820)  Page(s) 106-108.  
 

58. ROSA indica.
R. foliolis ellipticis acuminatis glabris crenato-serratis subtus glaucis, ovariis 40-50.
α vulgaris, fructu turbinato.
R. indica Lin ! sp. 705. Willd. sp. 2. 1079. Lawr. ros. t. 26. Ait! kew. ed. alt. 3. 266. Smith !in Rees in l. Redout. ros. 1. 51. t. 14. 2. 35. t. 15.
R. sinica Linn ! syst, veg. ed. 13. 398. Smith! in Rees in l.
R. semperflorens carnea Röss. ros. t. 19.
β odoratissima, fructu ovato, floribus odoratissimis.
R. odoratissima Sweet! hort. sub. lond.
R. indica fragrans Redout. l. c. 61. t. 19.
γ pumila, fruticulus, omni parte minor.
R. indica pumila Redout. ros. 1. 115. t. 42.
δ longifolia, foliis lanceolatis, ramis subinermibus.
R. longifolia Willd. sp. 2. 1067. Redout. ros. 2. 27. t. 12.
Hab. in China juxta Cantonem Sinarum, Staunton. (v. v. c. & s. sp. herb. Banks.)   

Branches stout, glaucous green, armed with brown, scattered, compressed, hooked, equal prickles. Leaves shining, without pubescence; stipules very narrow, subulate and glandular at the point; petioles rough with setae, and little short, hooked prickles; leaflets 3-5, even, elliptic, acuminate, nearly simply crenato-serrated, above dark green, glaucous beneath. Flowers very numerous, usually semi-double; bractea narrow, lanceolate, without pubescence, toothletted, glandular; peduncles long, rough ; tube of the calya oblong, naked; sepals deciduous, nearly simple, ovate, pointed, glandular on the outside; petals obcordate, concave; stamens 105-110; disk a thick flattened cone; ovaria 40-50; styles nearly naked, exserted, very slender, distinct. Fruit obovate, scarlet.

It is now, perhaps, too late to inquire what was really intended by Linnaeus for R. indica, since his specific character and description will agree with no species from China at present known; and the figure of Petiver which he quotes to this, in which he is followed by Willdenow, belongs to a widely different plant, very nearly allied to R. Banksiæ, and which I have called R. microcarpa. I have, however, examined his specimen, which I see no reason to doubt belonging to this species. The specimen which Sir James Smith considers to have been the foundation of R. sinica I have also been permitted to see, and I feel little hesitation in pronouncing it to be a monstrous state of the species before us. The stipulac are narrow, pointed and finely toothed at the edge; the prickles are straight, very slender and unequal, which may be reasonably expected on R. indica in so weak a state as this R. sinica evidently is. That name, therefore, becomes disengaged, and I have retained it for the plant which was distinguished by it in Hortus Kewensis.

The delightfully fragrant “Sweet-scented Chinese Rose” of the gardens is a variety, with ovate fruit and a dwarfer habit. It is right that cultivators should know that there are two sorts of this, of which the most common has a very inferior perfume to the other, which is propagated with more difficulty. 

The willow-leaved Chinese Rose, R. longifolia, is another variety, but it has little to recommend it to notice.

I can by no means agree with the editor of Redouté's Roses, in considering this a variety of R. semperflorens, from which it differs in many important characters, as will be seen under the following species.

(1820)  Page(s) 153.  
 
Rosa gallica..L'ombre superbe...

(1820)  Page(s) 154.  
 
Rosa gallica..Ornement de parade...

(1820)  Page(s) 67.  
 
Rosa centifolia.
The Pompone, strangely confounded with the Burgundy Rose by some, is smaller in all its parts...

(1820)  Page(s) 116-117.  Includes photo(s).
 
Rosa abyssinica Brown
This is one of the very few Roses indigenous to Africa. It was first noticed as a distinct species by Mr. Brown, in his appendix to the travels in Abbyssinia of Mr. Salt, who discovered it. It can be confounded with nothing except R. sempervirens, from which is differs in the following particulars: its leaflets are shorter with a little stalk, broader toward the point than at the base; the petioles are exceedingly rough with unequal glands and setae; and the peduncles and calyx are covered over with a thick down; and the prickles are exceedingly numerous and strong.

(1820)  Page(s) 53.  
 
Pallasii grows in elevated plains and exposed precipices froom the Northern part of the Altaic mountains, extending through Siberia. Its more robust habit and the approach to equal size in its prickles are its chief features.

(1820)  Page(s) 113-5.  
 
Rosa Arvensis.
R. sempervirens Röss. ros. t. 32.
R. repens Gmel. bad. als. 2. 418. Willd. enum. 547. Jacq. fragm. 69. t. 104 opt. Rau enum. 40.
β. montana, pumila, fructu hispidulo.
R. montana Vill. dauph. 3. 547. Suter helv. 1. 300. Willd. sp. 2. 1076. Smith in Rees in l?
γ hybrida, surculis crassioribus et brevioribus: florifero erecto multifloro, ramis sparsim setigeris, stylis discretis.
R. hybrida Schleich. cat.
R. geminata Rau enum. 39,
R. gallica hybrida Ser. mel. bot. n. 1. p. 39.
Hab. in Angliæ sepibus; Pedemontii, (Allioni); Palatinatûs, (Pollich); Germaniæ, (Roth); Silesiæ, (Krocker); Helvetiæ pianitiebus, Hooker; β in Delphinatûs montibus, (Villars); Helvetiæ, (Suter). (v. v. s.)

Branches flagelliform, procumbent, slender, dull glaucous-purple, armed with scattered, falcate, or straightish, equal prickles, those of the old shoots al most white, of the young ones smaller and red, sometimes none (in weak specimens). Leaves distant, dark green, or, on a chalky soil, yellowish; stipules narrow, flat, naked, fringed with glands, red in the middle; petioles pubescent, with scattered glands and little falcate, dorsal prickles; leaflets 5-7, flat, ovate, somewhat waved, simply serrated, very glaucous beneath; the rib somewhat hairy. Flowers solitary on the branchlets, numerous on the rootshoots, white with a yellow base, and a slight scent, at first cyathiform, afterwards more open; peduncles rough with glands and a very few setae; tube of the calyx ovate, naked; sepals short, ovate, concave, a little divided, those which are so, rough with glands; petals obovate, emarginate; stamens persistent; disk elevated, fleshy; ovaries 15-25; styles united into a long smooth column. Fruit scarlet, round or oblong.

A very common plant in many parts of England, adorning the hedges in the summer months with its elegant, snowy bloom. The flowers are much more cup-shaped than those of systyla, or indeed, of any other British Rose. Mr. Sabine has a variety with pink flowers.

Dr. Afzelius considered the Linnæan arvensis to be something different from our plant, which does not grow in Sweden; and possibly that variety of cinnamomea which is figured in Flora Danica under the name of R. fluvialis. The Linnaean herbarium throws no light upon this, nor have I any additional facts to offer in illustration of it.

The styles united in a long smooth column, incorrectly described by Sir James Smith as lengthening after flowering, distinguish this from all the British species except the last. From that it differs in having long trailing shoots, not stout assurgent ones, which are dull glaucous, green, generally tinged with purple, and not of the bright green colour of systyla.

To this species the Ayrshire Rose of the gardens is undoubtedly to be referred, as has already been done by Dr. Sims. Of this plant, however, there are two sorts; the one sold in the nurseries about London, and cultivated by Mr. Sabine, I suppose is to be considered the real kind; and, as I have just observed, is a variety of arvensis; the other, which is cultivated at Kew, is sempervirens, from which it does not appear to differ in any respect. This has been considered as the real Ayrshire and published as such under the name of capreolata in the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, by Mr. Neill, who assures us that it received its name from having been first raised at Loudon Castle, Ayrshire, from heps imported from N. America. Without attempting to dispute the accuracy of this, I must observe, that if the seeds were brought from America, they were carried thither originally from Europe.

From R. sempervirens there can be no difficulty in distinguishing arvensis. The leaves of the former are
shining, evergreen, and set on at short intervals; of the latter opaque, glaucous beneath, deciduous, and covering the branches thinly. The bracteae of arvensis are short and erect, the flowers solitary; of sempervirens reflexed with a narrow point and red and shining, the flowers in bunches. The former often produces a callosity at the ramifications which, under favourable circumstances, strikes root; the latter never.

(1820)  Page(s) 131.  
 
Rosa Banksiae
R. Banksiae Brown in Ait. kew. ed. alt. 3. 258. ....
Hab. in China, Ker.
This is the most elegant of the genus, growing with great luxuriance in the open air, and producing its charming blossoms in the utmost profusion. Mr. Brown first noticed it in the last edition of the Hortus Kewensis and honored it with the name of Lady Banks. An excellent figure of it is published in the botanical Register.
R. inermis of Roxburgh's unpublished Flora Indica is probably this species; and if so, a variety of it called Wong-mouc-heuong, with double yellow flowers, is cultivated in the Botanic Garden, Calcutta.