4 favorite votes.  

Dark red Hybrid Perpetual.

Bred by François Marest (France, 1851).
Introduced in France by François Marest in 1854 as 'Madame Masson'.
Introduced in Australia by Handasyde, McMillan & Co. in 1864 as 'Madame Masson'.

Hybrid Perpetual.  

Crimson, red shading, ages to violet .  Strong fragrance.  Average diameter 5.5".  Very large, full (26-40 petals), borne mostly solitary, in small clusters, flat, scalloped bloom form.  Blooms in flushes throughout the season.  Large, leafy sepals, rounded buds.  

Armed with thorns / prickles, upright.  Glossy, dark green, dense foliage.  3 to 5 leaflets.  

USDA zone 6b and warmer.  

Dedicated to Mme Masson, wife of the head gardener of the Luxembourg garden. Introduced 1854.

'Madame Masson' is said to be very similar to the later 'Gloire de Châtillon'. - see References.