(1971)  Page(s) 377.  
 
HULTHEMIA * Dumort.
Not. nouv. gen. Hulthemia (1824) 13.-Lowea Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1829) tab. 1261.- Rosa sect.I Rhodopsis Bge., in Ldb., Fl. Alt. II (1828) 224.
Flowers solitary; hypanthia globose or flattened-globose; sepals entire; petals yellow, with dark purple spot at base, broadly obovate, slightly notched at apex; stamens black -violet. — Low shrubs with simple leaves, exstipulate. Otherwise like Rosa L.

1. Plant glabrous in all parts; leaf base typically cordate 1. H. berberifolia (Pall.) Dum.
+ Leaves, young branches and prickles velutinous -pubescent; leaves typically cuneate 2. H. persica (Michx.) Bornm.

(1971)  Page(s) 377.  
 
H. berberifolia (Fall.) Dumort., Note nouv. genre Hulth. (1824) 13; Ldb., Fl. Ross. II, 78.— Rosa berberifolia Pall, in Nova Acta Acad. Sc. Petrop. X (1797) 379.- Ic: Pall., I.e. tab.X, f. 5; Ldb., Ic. pi. Fl. Ross. IV, 370,
Low, flexuously branching shrub, 15—3 5(50) cm high, glabrous in all parts; young shoots virgate nearly simple or branching; prickles solitary or in groups of 2 or 3, at base of leaves always paired, nearly opposite, firm, spreading, slightly hamately curved, whitish; leaves simple, coriaceous, glabrous, ovate or elliptic, often with cordate base, rarely obovate or cuneate, with very short petioles or subsessile, obtuse, entire below, then usually deeply incised -dentate, with few, remote teeth; stipules absent. Flowers solitary, the terminal 2.5—3.5 cm in diameter; hypanthia globose, distally constricted, setaceous; sepals entire, oblong -lanceolate, acute, convex, finely pubescent on both sides, dorsally often with sparse bristles, persistent in fruit, straight -spreading; petals divaricate, golden yellow, with dark purple spot at base, broadly obovate, faintly notched at apex; stamens black-violet; fruit ca. 10 mm long, 12 mm in diameter, with more or less dense erect acicular prickles, violet-colored, when ripe dryish, brown; seeds oblong, ca, 5 mm long, dark brown, shiny. April— June.
Solonetzic steppes.— W. Siberia: U. Tob., Irt.; Centr. Asia: Balkh., Dzu.-Tarb., Syr. D., Pam.-Al. Described from Dzungaria, from the Uldzhar River flowing into Lake Ala-Kul (south of Tarbagatai Range).
Gen. distr.: Dzu.-Kosh. Type in London?

(1971)  Page(s) 377.  
 
H. persica (Michx.) Bornm. in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. II (1906) 6. — Rosa persica Michx. in Jus s. Gen. pi. app. (l786) 452. — ? R. simplicifolia Salisb., Prodr. (1786) 359. - Exs.: Sintenis, It. transcasp.-pers. 486, 658.
Shrub; young branches bearing prickles (at least in their lower part), leaves slightly velutinous on both sides (or at least beneath) with more or less dense short spreading hairs; leaves narrowly elliptic, narrowly obovate or cuneate, with short usually distinct petioles, base tapering, very rarely rounded; teeth generally short, directed upward. Otherwise similar to the preceding species. June.

' Named after C.J. E. van Hultem (1764—1832), the author of a study on the agriculture of Holland
(published 1817).
Among crops, — Centr. Asia: Pam.-Al., Mtn. Turkm. Gen. distr.: Iran. Described from Iran. Type in Paris.
Economic importance. A fodder plant; leaves eaten in the winter by sheep and camels.

(1971)  Page(s) 378.  
 
X Hulthemosa Juz. nov. gen. hybr. In Addenda IX, 480.
Plant similar in all parts to Rosa but stipules resembling leaflets, sometimes adnate to leaflets of lower pair.
Note . The following two forms appear to be hybrids between Hulthemia persica and species of Rosa; this hybrid nature of the "genus" is reflected in its name.

(1971)  Page(s) 334.  Includes photo(s).
 
R. acicularis Lindl., Ros. Monogr. (l820) 44; Crep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol.XIV (1875) 5.- R.alpina Pall., Fl. Ross, vol.1, 2 (1788) 61, non L.- R.gmelini Bge. in Ldb., Fl. Alt. 111(1829)228; Ldb., Fl. Ross. 11(1844)75; Desegl. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. XV (1876) 281 . - R.baicalensis Turcz. ap. Bess., in Flora XVII (1834) I, Beibl. 12.— R. acicularis a hypoleuca et Sgmelini C.A.M. in Mem. Acad. Sc. St. Petersb. 6 ser. VI (1846) 15, 17. — R. carelica Fr. Summa Veg. Scand. I (1846) 171; Desegl., I.e., vol. XV (1876) 274;- R. korsakoviensis Levi, in Fedde, Rep. sp. nov. X (l912) 378. — Ic: Lindl., I.e., tab. 8; Lange, Fl. Dan., Suppl. 2 (l865) tab. 75. - Exs.: HFRNo.2108.
Shrub, low or medium- sized (to 2 m high), with arcuate stem and weak, glabrous branches covered with dense prickles and bristles; prickles very thin, erect or slightly curved, often paired at base of leaves; leaves 3—15 cm long, leaflets 5—7(9), to 1.5—6 cm long, on glabrous or finely pubescent and glandular rachis, ovate or elliptic, acute, thin, glaucescent, usually with 9—25 simple deep teeth at each side, glabrous above, glabrous or thin-pubescent beneath, often only along veins; stipules glandular -ciliate-
margined, with divergent ovate -lanceolate auricles. Flowers often solitary, rarely 2—3, 3—6 cm in diameter, on long, smooth, sometimes glandular - bristly, 0.7—3.5 cm long pedicels; hypanthia elliptic, ovoid or pyriform, rarely globose; sepals lanceolate, narrow, more or less broadened distally, often foliate, dor sally smooth or glandular, directed upward after anthesis, persistent; petals obcordate, pink or reddish; styles villous, free, head orbicular, woolly; fruits usually drooping, sometimes erect, 1.5—2.5 cm in diameter, red, sometimes ovoid with apical constriction, sometimes ellipsoid, tapering at both ends, sometimes oblong, often obovate -pyriform, strongly tapering at base, crowned with convergent sepals. June— July. (Plate XXVIII, Figure 4).
Forests (predominantly spruce), forest slopes and edges.— European part: Karl. -Lap., Dv.-Pech., V.-Kama; W. and E. Siberia; Far East: from Kamch. to Uss.; Centr. Asia: Dzu.-Tarb., T. Sh. Gen. distr.:
Scand., N. Mong., N. Ch., Jap., N. Am. Described from Siberia. Type in London.
Economic importance. Ornamental, often grown in the gardens of Siberia; also forms part of hedges. Roots and leaves contain tannins. The yield of essential oils from the flowers is 0.04% of dry weight (Hammerman). The fruit contains sugar, tannic and dye substances, pectin, pentosan, vitamin C (ca. 2.30% ascorbic acid per dry weight of pulp) and Q' yields an orange dye upon boiling
Note. A highly variable species which may require further division; such forms as R.gmelini Bge. and R, carelica Fr., at one time considered as separate species, scarcely deserve special attention. Of much greater interest are some of the Far Eastern forms studied by Crepin. Crepin wrote (l. c. 1875, 6) that at one time in the Berlin herbarium he had given the name R. discolor Crep. to a form collected by Maksimovich in Manchuria along the Amur River; this form, also collected by Glehn, had been seen by Crepin in the herbarium of the Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. He gave the name of R. amurensis Crep to another form in the Berlin herbarium also collected by Maksimovich. Both these forms, however, still await study.

(1971)  Page(s) 349.  
 
R. alaica Juz., spec, nova in Addenda IX, p. 480.
Shrub, low, with long slender flexuous branches and slightly glaucescent-dark brown bark; prickles erect, remote, sometimes paired, rather strong, flattened -conical, abruptly or gradually broadened at base, as long as the largest leaflets or slightly longer, straw yellow, without small prickles; small prickles wanting; leaves 1.8— 2.5 cm long; leaflets 5—9, approximate, sessile or very short -petioluled, orbicular or broadly obovate, usually orbicular at apex and base, 4— 10 mm long, 3— 8 mm wide, bright green above, paler and glabrous or remotely hairy, sparsely thin -pubescent beneath, covered with profuse minute glands, compound -glandular -dentate, with 7—10 teeth on each side; petioles slightly downy and profusely glandular; stipules connate, small, with rather narrow erect acuricles, profusely glandular along back and margins. Flowers mostly solitary, rarely 2, exceeding distal leaves; pedicels thin, 1—2 cm long, covered with more or less dense stalked glands; hypanthia subglobose or short-ovoid, smooth or slightly stalked -glandular; sepals shorter than petals, tapering from base, with narrowly linear mucro, dorsally smooth; petals white or pink; style lanate -villous, stigma head subglobose; bracts generally present; ripe fruit unknown. July.
Juniperus sabina forests. — Centr. Asia: Pam.-Al. (Alai Range). Endemic. Described from Uch-Tyube (right bank of Gulchi River, between Sufi-Kurgan and Ak-Bosaga). Type in Leningrad.

(1971)  Page(s) 337.  Includes photo(s).
 
R. alberti Rgl. in A. H. P. VIII (1883) 278; Crep. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. IV (1896) 716; Bouleng. in Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat Bruxelles XIV, 2 (1936) 176.— ? R.beggeriana var. macrocarpa R.Kell. in Verb. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. XLVI (l904) 113 p.p.
Shrub, strongly branching, more than 1 m high; branches long, acutely curved; prickles small, thin, erect, subulate or abruptly tapering, usually together with acicular prickles at base; leaves with (5)7— 9 (11) leaflets, oblanceolate or elliptic base, tapering or orbicular, apex rounded or acute, 4.5 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, glabrous above, generally hairy (at least along veins) beneath, often eglandulose; teeth as a rule duplicate -glandular-serrate; petioles pubescent, sometimes glandular; stipules with acute declinate auricles, bearing glands along margins. Flowers frequently solitary, exceeding bracts; pedicels 1.2—3.5 cm long, smooth, often glandular, longer than the long ovoid, ellipsoid or lageniform, and smooth hypanthium; sepals narrow, gradually tapering at base, slightly broadened distally, 1—2.5 cm long; corolla 3— 4 cm in diameter; petals as long as or longer than sepals, slightly notched, white; style head flat or orbicular, lanate; fruit ovoid or ellipsoid, 1.5 cm long, attenuate, falling off together with disk and
and sepals. June— July. (Plate XXIX, Figure l).
Mountain forests, forest edges, shrubby formations.— W. Siberia: Alt.: Centr. Asia: Dzu.-Tarb., T. Sh. Endemic. Described from Tien Shan. Type in Leningrad.

(1971)  Page(s) 375.  
 
R. alexeenkoi Crep. ined, (cfr. Addenda IX, p. 480).
Shrub; turions glabrous, without glaucous bloom, with large, falcately curved, flat prickles; sepals tomentose-villous, remote -glandular; leaflets ovate-elliptic, densely pubescent on both sides, eglandulose; stipules broadened distally, tomentose-pubescent proximally. Flower-bearing branches with erect acicular pricklets as well as larger curved prickles; flowers on rather long glandular-hispid pedicels, in few-flowered corymbiform inflorescences; hypanthia elongate, densely glandular-hispid; sepals densely glandular on the outside, tom.entose within, recurved after flowering; petals and fruit unknown. June.
Slopes of ravines,— Caucasus: Dag. Endemic. Described from Kuba District, Sudur village. Type in Leningrad.
Note. Probably a hybrid form.

(1971)  Page(s) 372.  
 
R.alticola Bouleng. in Bull. Jard. Bot. de Bruxelles, XIII, fasc. 3 (1935) 220.- Ic: Boulenger, I.e. 221 f. 4.
Shrub; prickles erect, thin abruptly broadened at base, shorter than largest leaflets, often adnate; pricklets absent; leaves 3—5 cm long, leaflets 5 or 7, serrate, sessile or petioluled, overlapping at margins, orbicular or slightly longer than wide, rounded or tapering at base, rounded or obtuse at apex, the largest to 1.7 cm long, glabrous or sparingly pubescent along midrib beneath, glandular on both sides; teeth 8—13 at each side, compound -glandular (with 2—7 glands); petioles glabrous or lightly pubescent, glandular; stipules broad, glandular, with divergent auricles. Flowers 2 or 3, shorter than subtending leaves, subsessile or on pedicels not longer than 3 mm; hypanthia ovoid, with firm very dense glandular bristles; sepals 10—15 mm long, with 1—2 narrow lateral appendages on each side, slightly broadened distally, dorsally glandular-setaceous, shorter than petals (which they exceed in bud); corolla 50 mm in diameter; petals notched; disk reduced to a simple ring; style lanate -villous, stigma forming flattened
head; fruit unknown. Fl. July.
Dry mountain slopes, ca. 3,000 m. — Centr. Asia: Pam.-Al. Endemic? Described from Bok-Bash mountain pass (Alai). Type in Brussels, cotype in Leningrad.

(1971)  Page(s) 342.  
 
R.amblyotis C. A. M. in Mem. Acad. Sc. St. Petersb. ser. VI, t. VI (1849) 30; Crep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. XIV (1875) 38; Kom., Fl. Kamtsch. II, 268. - R. camtschatica Cham, in Linnaea VI (l83l) 590, non Vent.- R. davurica Hulten, Fl. of Kamtch. Ill (1929) 89, non Pall.
Shrub; stipulate prickles on flower -bearing branches subulate, usually erect, with ascending mucro (prickles sometimes absent); stipules very thin, scarious, very obtuse; leaflets broader than in R. davurica, pubescent beneath and very often glandular (like R. davurica); bracts of the same
character as stipules, broader than in R. davurica. In all other parts similar to R. davurica Pall. Presumably the eastern race of R. davurica . June— July .

Meadows, shrubby formations and birch forests.— Far East: Kamch., Sakh. Endemic? (in the Aleutians, the most closely related form is R.aleutensis Crep.). Described from Kamchatka (near Petropavlovsk, Tagil River, and between Kharchinsk and Shivelyuch). Type and paratype in Leningrad.
Economic importance. According to Schrenk, in Sakhalin the fruit is stored up for the winter to be used in the preparation of a special kind of food (reminiscent of cereal processed; the thawed-out fruit is ground up and mixed with fish oil.
Note. Hulten (l. c, p.90— 9l) conjectures that the material from which C. A. Meyer established this species may have comprised the hybrid R. davurica X R.rugosa, common in Petropavlovsk. If so, Meyer's view that his species was "inter R.cinnamomeam et R.rugosam media" may indeed be correct.